La critica dei soggetti collettiva tra l'Ideologia tedesca e il Diciotto Brumaio

This essay first takes into account a methodological issue, which concerns the relationship between two very different writings such as The German Ideology and The 18 Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. Starting from the highlighting of their continuity in the construction of the materialist approach to history by Marx and Engels, the essay develops the Marxian critique of bourgeois political concepts (constitution, people, democracy, etc.), which allows the author to show the dichotomous character of capitalist society, as well as the fiction of any attempt to unify it. On the contrary, Marx shows how the class struggle continuously divides any attempt to give life to a unitary collective subject, and how any project of institutionalisation of the conflict is always challenged by the original contradiction, which manifests itself first of all on the imaginative level and on the level of passions, first of all fear.