Tecniche regolative della sicurezza sul lavoro negli appalti e nelle esternalizzazioni. Il caso delle carni

The aim of the dissertation is to examine the role that regulatory measures for health and safety in the workplace, at hard law and soft law level, can play in the field of outsourcing for preventive purposes. In order to find some feasible solutions to those risks outsourced workers may incur, the author analyses the case study of the meat value chain in Italy and in Europe. Its business model is mainly based on the use of in-house service contracts and causes a number of risks due to the intensification of work and the productive fragmentation. As a result, musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial risks are widespread in this sector. Moreover, some illegal practices have been observed in relation to the outsourcing processes. It is not rare that illegal intermediation activities and exploitation at work take place within the sector, affecting especially migrant workers, more vulnerable to forced work. In this context, the results of this research show that the occupational health and safety Italian law is not able to deal with these issues without being supported by the adoption of soft law measures. According to the author, by promoting social corporate responsibility, certifications, compliance programs and social labels, it is possible to make the lead company more accountable to the entire value chain in terms of compliance with health and safety regulations.