Differenza ontologica, conflitto tra metafisica e scienze: Martin Heidegger dalla rifondazione del sapere alla riforma dell’Università

The project of a refounding of the sphere of knowledge, which had become urgent due to the European science crisis (investigated in the same period also from Husserl and Weber), imposed an integral transformation of philosophy to Heidegger. By affirming the primacy of the ontological question, Heidegger deepens and develops in Being and Time and time and in the following texts the analysis of the problematic relationship between philosophy and sciences. The intent is to face and even accelerate the crisis of that positivist epistemology that neokantism had done their own and had moved to human sciences. The need for a complete re-foundation of knowledge on the basis of a new idea of ​​philosophy emerges. After cutting the bridges with phenomenology, Heidegger is not able to think about this new form of knowing if not - once again - as a philosophy, as a return to the roots and genesis of its own discipline understood in its original purity and that is As Greek metaphysics. The theme of the science crisis is specified simultaneously as the problem of the structure of the Modern University, placing the whole political question of the reform of the university in the context of the crisis of the modern liberal state.