The European Union policy design for AI regulation

This paper examines the European Union's (EU) policy design for regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI), highlighting the comprehensive legislative approach adopted to balance innovation with the protection of fundamental rights. The EU’s AI Act and preceding regulatory efforts emphasize defining AI with flexibility and precision, ensuring transparency, and promoting trustworthiness. Central to this regulatory framework is the emphasis on human agency, technical robustness, privacy, transparency, and accountability. Military and academic use of AI is out of its scope. The paper explores the EU’s dual focus on economic growth and citizen protection, showcasing the role of the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) in shaping ethical guidelines and management processes. By building on existing legislative frameworks, the EU addresses emerging risks and ethical dilemmas, ensuring that AI development aligns with societal values and public trust. The approach of the proposal is Risk-Based on the side human protection and market building on the side of innovation. The bill is 459 pages Act of Parliament that cannot be enforced without a lot of help from legal services. This should come a network of regulatory agencies, one for each member state, with an AI Office of the Commission at the European Level. Sandboxes that want to simulate the compliance of any new system with regulation framework will become necessary, like other legal counseling, for firms that want to avoid to be blocked in a Kafkian procedure.