In South Tyrol, populations of different mother tongues live together [or side by side]: the two main ethnic groups, the Italian- and German-spieaking, have fought and still compete for the management of the territory and the local powers. The past and in particular the period 1914-1945 are among the major themes of confrontation and self-legitimisation, since memories are ‘fragmented twice’ not only along ethnic lines, but also in the different evaluation of the ‘Italian’, therefore altoatesino, fascism and the ‘German’, therefore Südtiroler, nazism. It is only in recent times and with much effort that south tyrolean society moved away from the logic of the distinct ‘memory districts’ to build some common visions of their shared past. Instead, this research studies the evolution of these separate and opposing memories in the thirty years following the end of the war, using local newspapers as sources. Through the analysis of texts, it will be possible to study the evolution and the ceremonies connected to the “Calendario civile”, especially the anniversaries of the 4th of November and 25th of April. Both national holidays, for the Italian group these are an opportunity to reaffirm the Italian character of South Tyrol and the legitimacy of the permanence in the territory of the Italian-speaking population, since South Tyrol was acquired with the victory in the First World War and then maintained thanks to the anti-fascist fight. The German group criticises these anniversaries through their own political and media representations, but also by organising their own opposing events on nearby dates. A conflicting picture emerges, in which a mutual recognition of the traumatic past was lacking, and instead both ethnic groups preferred to re-interpret the past ‘through the eyes of identity’.

In Sudtirolo [con]vivono popolazioni di madrelingua diversa: il gruppo italiano e quello tedesco hanno lottato e ancora competono per la gestione del territorio e dei poteri locali. Il passato e in particolare il periodo 1914–1945 sono tra i maggiori temi di scontro e legittimazione, dal momento che le memorie sono “doppiamente frammentate” lungo linee etniche, ma anche nella differente valutazione del fascismo “italiano”, dunque altoatesino, e del nazionalsocialismo “tedesco” e quindi sudtirolese. Solo in tempi recenti e con molta fatica si è usciti dalla logica dei “distretti della memoria” per costruire alcune visioni comuni della storia del Sudtirolo. La ricerca studia invece l’evoluzione di queste separata e contrapposta delle memorie nei trent’anni successivi alla fine della guerra, utilizzando come fonti i giornali locali. La metodologia dell’analisi del testo sarà applicata allo studio del Calendario civile, in particolar modo gli anniversari del 4 novembre e del 25 aprile. Per il gruppo italiano queste feste nazionali sono occasione per ribadire l’italianità del Sudtirolo e la legittimità della propria permanenza sul territorio acquisito con la vittoria della Prima guerra mondiale e poi conservato con la lotta antifascista. Il gruppo tedesco polemizza con questi eventi attraverso le proprie rappresentanze politiche e mediatiche, ma anche organizzando proprie manifestazioni di segno contrapposto in date vicine. Ne emerge un quadro conflittuale, in cui risulta chiaro come sia mancato il reciproco riconoscimento del passato traumatico, dal momento che entrambi i gruppi linguistici hanno preferito rileggere il passato “con gli occhi dell’identità”.

Memorie in conflitto. Il calendario civile del Sudtirolo (1945-1975)

VIANINI, LORENZO
2025

Abstract

In South Tyrol, populations of different mother tongues live together [or side by side]: the two main ethnic groups, the Italian- and German-spieaking, have fought and still compete for the management of the territory and the local powers. The past and in particular the period 1914-1945 are among the major themes of confrontation and self-legitimisation, since memories are ‘fragmented twice’ not only along ethnic lines, but also in the different evaluation of the ‘Italian’, therefore altoatesino, fascism and the ‘German’, therefore Südtiroler, nazism. It is only in recent times and with much effort that south tyrolean society moved away from the logic of the distinct ‘memory districts’ to build some common visions of their shared past. Instead, this research studies the evolution of these separate and opposing memories in the thirty years following the end of the war, using local newspapers as sources. Through the analysis of texts, it will be possible to study the evolution and the ceremonies connected to the “Calendario civile”, especially the anniversaries of the 4th of November and 25th of April. Both national holidays, for the Italian group these are an opportunity to reaffirm the Italian character of South Tyrol and the legitimacy of the permanence in the territory of the Italian-speaking population, since South Tyrol was acquired with the victory in the First World War and then maintained thanks to the anti-fascist fight. The German group criticises these anniversaries through their own political and media representations, but also by organising their own opposing events on nearby dates. A conflicting picture emerges, in which a mutual recognition of the traumatic past was lacking, and instead both ethnic groups preferred to re-interpret the past ‘through the eyes of identity’.
19-set-2025
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Vianini-317293_Memorie in conflitto-Il calendario civile del Sudtirolo_definitivo.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Memorie in conflitto. Il calendario civile del Sudtirolo (1945–1975)
Tipologia: DT
Licenza: Creative commons
Dimensione 3.37 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
3.37 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11576/2761611
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact