EURYTHMIC AND RYTHMIC GYMNASTICS

In the early XIX Century we can appreciate the rise of a new way of thinking in the Human Sciences, addressed to the men’s personality development by every kind of natural activities, to help his capacities improvement, getting rid of the obstacles represented from the traditional science strict rules. Philosophers, Psychologists, Psychiatrists and Pedagogues, were joint in the new way of thinking Schools, fighting with the old theories. They remarked how the human mental expressions are shown by body movement; this meant we can’t separate the two parts of a single unity. Following this line of thinking, the educational methods should turn its old axioms, and balance the relationship between body and mind. At the same time, the two genders were strictly separated, for what concerns the Physical Education Popular Program, and there were two different targets. Boys Gym program was pointed to build their strong bodies, to give them a firm and manly personality; the girls had to reflect the elegance and the sweetness, characteristics that was the ideal of woman in the fascistic period. We can mention several important names in this chapter of history, among which are: S.Freud, W.Reich, .A.Lowen, P.Fraisse, J.Piaget, M. Montessori, whose influence was very important for Sport History. The Dalcroze Method rose from the need in a more efficient and enjoyable approach to music. This was one of the most constructive experiences in Pedagogy, in the way to improve the meant of music, dance, physical and mental development, and the chances to use all this aspects in the human evolution.