The impact of new technologies in the engineering classification of rock masses

The engineering classification of rock masses represents the first stage in the analysis and characterization of rock slopes and road cuts. Among the existing classification methods, four systems are mainly used for mining, tunneling and slope design: the RMR, the Q-system/Q-Slope, the GSI and the SMR. Software has been recently developed for using these classification systems and some, such as Q-system/Q-slope, are also available as smartphone applications, to be directly used on the field. Rock mass parameters necessary for such classification systems are usually obtained through engineering geological analyses along scanlines. Nowadays, the advent of new technologies has led to step-change increase in the quality of data available for the study of rock slopes. These include new remote sensing sensors, platforms, new techniques and software for engineering rock mass analyses. Data obtained from these techniques, integrated with field geomechanical measurements, can improve the quality of engineering rock mass classifications. Furthermore, Geographic Information Systems provide a useful tool for managing such data and performing regional rock mass analyses, suitable in the study of rock slopes and road cut design. In this context, this research aims to analyze: i) the importance of using remote sensing and GIS techniques in engineering rock mass classifications; ii) the advantages of combining different engineering classification systems and iii) the possible use of low-cost technique for engineering design.