4D geometrical and structural analysis of ground ruptures related to 2016 earthquakes in Sibillini mountains (Central Italy)

3D multi-temporal reconstructions (4D) of the geometries and the kinematics of a portion of the 35 km coseismic surface ruptures related to 2016 Central Italy earthquakes are presented. The analysis integrates a traditional structural field survey with the data extracted from 3D point cloud models. These models were generated using a Structure-from-Motion (SfM) algorithms applied to georeferenced low-altitude aerial digital photos, both zenithal and oblique, acquired with small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Several comparisons were performed between data measured in the field and the same data detected on the point cloud models. The results show errors of a few cms, where models generally overestimate the real data. The coseismic ground ruptures typically show multiple overlapping scarps that can be divided into kinematic sets that occur throughout the width of the pre-existing SW dipping normal fault zones.