Promuovere la competenza epistemica attraverso l’educazione scientifica. Il ruolo della storia della scienza e dell’epistemologia nella formazione degli insegnanti

In a knowledge-intensive society where science and technology play a significant role, easy access to information due to user-friendly devices increases the risk of forming erroneous beliefs that encourage potentially dangerous behavior. Thus, the task of school is to educate epistemically competent citizens who know how to act responsibly within the information ecosystems in which we live. In this paper, we intend to show how a didactic transposition of the scientific disciplines, aimed at also bringing out their 'syntax', helps to achieve this educational objective. To this end, we propose two didactic tools for teacher training, conceived in such a way as to structurally integrate the contributions that epistemology and the history of science can provide to the clarification and solution of didactic problems related to its syntactic structure.